Background: Malaria remains a major public health challenge in Sudan, disproportionately affecting rural and conflict-displaced populations with limited access to healthcare services. Climatic factors

Dengue fever is an arboviral illness spread by mosquitoes and is now a major public health issue on a global scale. Unfortunately, only a few studies have documented unusual clinical characteristics o

Background Septic shock remains a major cause of intensive care unit mortality despite advances in critical care management. Early identification of patients at high risk of adverse outcomes is essen

Introduction: Sepsis-3 remains a leading cause of ICU mortality. In resource-limited settings, there is a critical need for inexpensive, rapid biomarkers for risk stratification. This study evaluated

Background: Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a common inflammatory condition with variable severity, ranging from mild self-limiting disease to severe forms with significant morbidity and mortality. Early p

Background: Esophageal varices are a major complication of portal hypertension in liver cirrhosis and are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Although upper gastrointestinal endoscopy

Background: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common childhood malignancy with survival rates approaching 90%. Hypertension is an increasingly recognized complication during induction che

Background: Brought-in-dead (BID) cases represent a crucial yet often neglected component of medico-legal practice. These cases frequently lack prior medical evaluation and thus rely entirely on foren

Background: Pregnancy-associated sepsis remains a significant contributor to maternal morbidity and mortality, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Early recognition is challenging due to

Introduction: Assessment of the level of consciousness is essential for prognostic stratification in comatose patients. The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) is widely used but has recognized limitations. The

Background: Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide, with disproportionately high mortality in sub-Saharan Africa. Data on the clinical characteristics and outcomes of critically i

Background & Objectives: Early risk stratification is crucial in acute pancreatitis (AP) to improve clinical outcomes. This study evaluates the predictive accuracy of the PANC 3 score-a simple bedside

Background: Sepsis is a significant global health issue and a predominant cause of death in ICU patients. Traditionally, serum lactate and albumin have been utilized as prognostic biomarkers. However,

Background: Malnutrition affects approximately 40% of critically ill patients, yet iatrogenic underfeeding remains prevalent due to clinical barriers. This study evaluated the alignment between nutrit

Background: Electrolyte disturbances are common complications in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and may contribute to secondary brain injury and poor outcomes. However, their temporal patt