Effects of Armed Conflicts on The National Security of Post Conflicts States, A Case Study of Juba County in Central Equatorial State, South Sudan

Jemma Nunu Kumba; Hadija Murenga; Eric Bor

doi:10.18535/sshj.v8i10.1374

Abstract

This paper assessed the nature of existing armed conflicts and their effect on security management, established the influence of the local and regional dynamics of conflicts on security management and finally examined the effect of the emerging security threats on security management strategies in Juba County, South Sudan. The study was guided by two theories; Conflict Transformation and National Security theories. The study used descriptive survey research design and Purposive sampling technique to enlist 210 respondents for this study. The main method of data collection was the interview. Content analysis was used to analyze qualitative data and reported in narrative form. The study established a dichotomy of existing armed conflicts; external and internal conflicts in Central Equatorial State, South Sudan that had serious implication on both Security Management and National security. The second objective established the influence of local and regional dynamics that affected security management that included; Interlocking political and tribal division aspects of conflict, the influence of insurgents and armed cross border militia groups; greed for livestock by political elites that saw them arm their tribal militia with modern guns and military hardware for ease of livestock theft, amongst others. The third objective established the effect of several emerging security threats on Security Management strategies in Juba County, which included migrant migration for domestic and international child soldiering recruitment in the context of the on-going civil war and also for soldiering elsewhere outside the country. This paper establishes a regional policy concern that South Sudan is largely unsafe, and by implication the whole region is unlikely to be safe. This calls for an immediate action by all security stakeholders, UN agencies, Non State Actors, security pundits and think tanks to brainstorm and chart a way forward for South Sudan and the entire region.

Keywords

Gender equalityPoliticsLeadership and managementPolitical participation

References

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[refR-6] De Waal, A. (2014). When kleptocracy becomes insolvent: Brute causes of the civil war in South Sudan. African Affairs, 113(452), 347-369.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-7] El-Sadany, M., & Ottaway, M. (2012). Sudan from Conflict to Conflict. Middle East.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-8] Gemechu, D. K. (2023). Political and Social Conflicts in South Sudan: The Post-Independence Challenges. Journal of Modern Science, 51(2), 236-254.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-9] Herbert, S., & Idris, I. (2018). Refugees in Uganda:(in) stability, conflict, and resilience. Rapid Literature Review.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-10] Keen, D. (2012). Useful enemies: when waging wars is more important than winning them. Yale University Press.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-11] Mamdani, M. (2016). Undoing the effects of neoliberal reform: The experience of Uganda’s Makerere Institute of Social Research. North–South Knowledge Networks.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-12] Mugenda, O. M., & Mugenda, A. G. (2003). Research methods: Quantitative & qualitative apporaches (Vol. 2, No. 2). Nairobi: Acts press.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-13] Panic, M. (2005). Economic & Socia.Un.Org.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-14] Richards, D. (1996). From individuals to groups: The aggregation of votes and chaotic dynamics. Chaos Theory in the Social Sciences; Kiel, LD, Elliott, E., Eds, 89-116.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-15] Ross, M. L. (2004). How do natural resources influence civil war? Evidence from thirteen cases. International organization, 58(1), 35-67.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-16] Silverman, D. (2005, September). Instances or sequences? Improving the state of the art of qualitative research. In Forum Qualitative Sozialforschung/Forum: Qualitative Social Research (Vol. 6, No. 3).Google Scholar ↗

[refR-17] Stewart, A. (2000). Who are the respondents of domestic violence protection orders?. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology, 33(1), 77-90Google Scholar ↗

[refR-18] Wessells, M. G. (1998). Children, armed conflict, and peace. Journal of Peace Research, 35(5), 635-646.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-19] Williams, P. (2002) Security studies: An Introduction. New York: RoutledgeGoogle Scholar ↗