Exploring Post-Kanjuruhan Tragedy Trauma Experiences : A Description of Emotional Trauma

Asri Dwi Chandra; Nurul Husna; Latipun

doi:10.18535/sshj.v8i09.1334

Abstract

The emotional trauma experienced by the survivors and families of the victims of the Kanjuruhan tragedy in Malang city. The tragedy occurred during a football match between Arema and Persebaya on October 1, 2022, resulting in 135 deaths, mostly teenagers. The tragedy was caused by a riot that started after Arema lost the game, and security forces used tear gas towards the audience. The panic and stampede caused by the tear gas, coupled with closed exit doors, resulted in many fatalities. The emotional trauma experienced by the survivors and families of the victims can cause long-term psychological impacts, such as stress, sadness, depression, and anxiety, and even post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), substance abuse, and severe depression. The research aims to investigate the emotional trauma experienced by the survivors and families of the victims of the Kanjuruhan tragedy. The research is a qualitative study using the Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) approach. IPA is used to investigate how individuals actively interpret their experiences and give meaning to events or objects in their lives. Four participants who were victims of the Kanjuruhan tragedy and survived were involved in this study. The random sampling method was used due to the sensitivity of the research and the difficulty in identifying Kanjuruhan victims who were willing to be interviewed. The data analysis technique used was Descriptive Phenomenological Analysis (DPA).

Keywords

TraumaticEmotional TraumaticPTSDKanjuruhan Tragedy

References

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[refR-2] American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorder (5 Edition). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-3] Caruth, C. (2016). Unclaimed Experience; Trauma Narrative, and History. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-4] Cohen, R. H. (2002). Mental Health Services For Victims Of Disasters. World Psychiatry, 1(3), 149–152.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-5] Goleman, D. (1990). Emotional Intelligence: Kecerdasan, Emosional Mengapa Lebih Penting Daripada Iq. Jakarta: PT. Gramedia Pustaka Utama.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-6] Hude, M. (2006). Emosi: Penjelajah Religio Psikologis. Jakarta: Erlangga.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-7] Kahija, Y. (2017). Penelitian fenomenologis : jalan memahami pengalaman hidup . Yogyakarta: PT. Kanisius.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-8] Kaswan. (2017). Psikologi Industri dan Organisasi. Bandung: Alfabeta.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-9] Leon, G. (2004). Overview Of The Psychosocial Impact Of Disasters. Prehospital and Disaster Medicine, 19(1), 4–9.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-10] Luthans, F. (2011). Organizational Behavior An Evidence-Based Approach Twelfth Edition. New York: McGraw-Hill.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-11] Mardatila, A. (2023). Temuan Komnas HAM: Suporter Cuma Ingin Semangati Pemain Arema, Gas Air Mata Picu Kepanikan. Jakarta: Narasi.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-12] Mogot, Y., Waluyo, E., Solihin, O., & Yasundari. (2022). Gerakan Sosial Virtual Menyikapi Tragedi Kanjuruhan. Dewantara : Jurnal Pendidikan Sosial Humaniora, Vol. 1 No.4.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-13] MSF Holland. (2011). Manual for the Training of Psychosocial Assistants. Lebanon: Medicins Sans Frontieres-Holland Association.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-14] Nancy, Y. (2022, Oktober 2). Aturan FIFA Tentang Penggunaan Gas Air Mata. Retrieved from Tirto.id: https://tirto.id/aturan-fifa-tentang-penggunaan-gas-air-mata-di-stadion-gwQVGoogle Scholar ↗

[refR-15] Nevid, J., Rathus, S., & Greene, B. (2005). Psikologi Abnormal; Edisi Kelima; Jilid 1. Jakarta: Erlangga.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-16] Pietkiewicz, I., & Jonathan A. , S. (2014). A practical guide to using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis in qualitative research psychology. Czasopismo Psychologiczne-Psychological Journal, Vol. 20, No.1, Hal 7-14 .Google Scholar ↗

[refR-17] Putra, A. (2022, April 11). Mengatasi Trauma Emosional dan Psikologis dalam Keluarga. Retrieved from LPT Delta; Biro Psikologi Joga: https://www.biropsikologijogja.my.id/mengatasi-trauma-emosional-dan-psikologis-dalam-keluarga/Google Scholar ↗

[refR-18] Serene, J. (2009). Trauma and Grace: Theology in A Ruputured World. Louisville, Kentucky: Westminstre John Knox Press.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-19] Sutiyono, A. (2010). Dahsyatnya Hypnoparenting. Jakarta: Penebar Plus.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-20] Ulum, A., Widianto, M., & Rachmawan, D. (2022). Analisis Isi Berita Tragedi Kanjuruhan Pada Portal Berita Radarsurabaya.Jawapos.com. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Ilmu Ilmu Sosial (SNIIS), Vol.1 pp.001-003.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-21] Wright, H. (2011). WRIGHT, H. Norman. The Complete Guide to Crisis & Trauma Counseling: What to Do and Say when it Matters Most! California: Gospel Light Publications.Google Scholar ↗