Self-Esteem between Social Support and Quarter-Life Crisis

Dzikria Afifah Primala Wijaya; Muhammad Rafly Maulana; Amalia Anugerahaini

doi:10.18535/sshj.v8i08.1280

Abstract

During emerging adulthood, individuals may experience a developmental crisis known as the Quarter-Life Crisis. The Quarter-Life Crisis can be influenced by various factors, including social support and self-esteem. This study aims to investigate the role of social support in the Quarter-Life Crisis, with self-esteem acting as a mediator, in emerging adults. A total of 151 participants aged 18-29 years were involved in this study. Three measurement tools were utilized: the Quarter-Life Crisis Scale, Rosenberg's Self-Esteem Scale, and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS). The PROCESS analysis indicates that self-esteem mediates the relationship between social support and the Quarter-Life Crisis by 38% (-0.3790; p < 0.05). These findings demonstrate that self-esteem serves as a mediator in the relationship between social support and the Quarter-Life Crisis.

Keywords

CommunicationPolicy communicationsInternal communicationsHigher education institutionsVietnam

References

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Alvina, S., & Dewi, F. I. R. (2016). Pengaruh harga diri dan dukungan sosial terhadap resiliensi mahasiswa dengan pengalaman bullying di perguruan tinggi. Jurnal Psikologi Psibernetika, 2(9), 156–162.Google Scholar ↗
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Robbins, A., & Wilner, A. (2001). Quarter-life crisis. Bloomsbury.Google Scholar ↗
Robinson, O., C., Cimporescu, M., & Thompson, T. (2020). Wellbeing, developmental crisis, and residentia status in the year after graduating from higher education: A 12-month longitudinal study. Journal of Adult Development. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10804-020-09361-1DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗
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Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and The Adolescent Self-Image. Pricenton University Press.Google Scholar ↗
Rossi, N. E., & Mebert, C. J. (2011). Does a quarterlife crisis exist? The Journal of Genetic Psychology, 2(172), 141–161. https://doi.org/10.1080/00221325.2010.521784DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗
Smelser, N. J. (1989). Self-esteem and social problems: An introduction. In The Social Importance of Self-Esteem. University of California Press.Google Scholar ↗
Srisayekti, W., Setiady, D. A., & Sanitioso, R. B. (2015). Harga diri (self-esteem) terancam dan perilaku menghindar. Jurnal Psikologi, 42(2), 141–156.Google Scholar ↗
Swickert, R. J., Hittner, J. B., & Foster, A. (2010). Big five traits interact to predict perceived social support. Personality and Individual Differences, 48(2010), 736–741. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2010.01.018DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗
Vangelisti, A. L. (2009). Challenges in conceptualizing social support. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 26, 39–51.Google Scholar ↗
Walshe, O. (2018). The quarter-life crisis: Investigating emotional intelligence, self-esteem, and maximization as predictors of coping self-efficacy. Dublin Business School.Google Scholar ↗
Winahyu, K. M., Hemchayat, M., & Charoensuk, S. (2015). Factors affecting quality of life among family caregivers of patients with schizophrenia in Indonesia. J Health Res, 29(Suppl.1), S77-82. https://doi.org/10.14456/jhr.2015.52DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗
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Zimet, G. D., Dahlem, N. W., Zimet, S. G., & Farley, G. K. (1988). The multidimensional scale of perceived social support. Journal of Personality Assessment, 52(1), 30–41Google Scholar ↗

[refR-1] Agustin, I. (2012). Terapi dengan Pendekatan Solution-Focused pada Individu yang Mengalami Quarterlife Crisis [Thesis]. Universitas Indonesia.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-2] Alvina, S., & Dewi, F. I. R. (2016). Pengaruh harga diri dan dukungan sosial terhadap resiliensi mahasiswa dengan pengalaman bullying di perguruan tinggi. Jurnal Psikologi Psibernetika, 2(9), 156–162.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-3] Arnett, J. J. (2001). Conceptions of the transition to adulthood: Perspective from adolescence through midlife. Journal of Adult Development, 8, 133–143. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1026450103225DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗

[refR-4] Arnett, J. J. (2007). Emerging adulthood: What is it, and what is it good for? Journal Compilation, 1(2), 68–73.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-5] Aza, I. N., Atmoko, A., & Hitipeuw, I. (2019). Kontribusi dukungan sosial, self-esteem, dan resiliensi terhadap stres akademik siswa SMA. Jurnal Pendidikan: Teori, Penelitian, Dan Pengembangan, 4(4), 491–498.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-6] Bernardon, S., Babb, K. A., Hakim-Larson, J., & Gragg, M. (2011). Loneliness, attachment, and the perception and use of social support in university student. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science, 43, 40–51.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-7] Brislin, R. W. (1970). Back-translation for cross-cultural research. Jurnal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 1(3), 185–216.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-8] Eagle, D. E., Hybels, C. F., & Proeschold-Bell, R. J. (2018). Perceived social support, received social support, and depression among clergy. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1177/0265407518776134DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗

[refR-9] Hayes, A. F. (2013). Introduction to Mediation, Moderation, and Conditional Process Analysis. Guildford Press.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-10] Lakey, B., & Cronin, A. (2008). Low social support and major depression: Research, theory, and methodological issues. In K. S. Dobson & D. J. A. Dozois (Eds.), Risk factors for depression (pp. 385–408). CA: Academic Press.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-11] Lane, J. A. (2014). Counseling emerging adult in transition: Practical applications of attachment and social support research. The Professional Counselor, 5(1), 30–42. https://doi.org/10.15241/jal.5.1.30DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗

[refR-12] Lane, J. A., & Fink, R. S. (2015). Attachment, social support satisfaction, and well-being during life transition in emerging adulthood. The Counseling Psychologist, 7(43), 1034–1058. https://doi.org/10.1177/0011000015592184DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗

[refR-13] Lau, E. Y. H., Chan, K. K. S., & Lam, C. B. (2018). Social support and adjustment outcomes of first-year University students in Hong Kong: Self-esteem as a mediator. Journal of College Student Development, 1(59), 129–134. https://doi.org/10.1353/csd.2018.0011DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗

[refR-14] Lee, K. (2020). Social support and self-esteem on the association between stressful life events and mental health outcomes among college students. Social Work in Health Care, 2–20. https://www.tandfonline.com/action/showCitFormats?doi=10.1080/00981389.2020.1772443DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗

[refR-15] Mruk, C. J. (2013). Self-Esteem and Positive Psychology: Research, Theory, and Practice (N. S. Hale, Ed.; 4th ed.). Springer Publishing Company.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-16] Nguyen, A., Taylor, R., Chatters, L., Taylor, H., Lincoln, K., & Mitchell, U. (2017). Extended family and friendship support and suicidality among African Americans. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 52(3), 299–309. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-016-1309-1DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗

[refR-17] Nurmalasari, Y., & Putri, D. E. (2015). Dukungan sosial dan harga diri pada remaja penderita lupus. Jurnal Psikologi, 1(8), 46–51.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-18] Olenik-Shemesh, D., Heiman, T., & Keshet, N. S. (2018). The role of career aspiration, self-esteem, body esteem, and gender in predicting sense of well-being among emerging adults. The Journal of Genetic Psychology, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2018.01.048DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗

[refR-19] Pearlin, L. I., & Bierman, A. (2013). Current issues and future directions in research into the stress process. In C. S. Aneshensel, J. C. Phelan, & A. Bierman (Eds.), Handbook of the sociology of mental health (pp. 325–340). Springer.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-20] Perrier, C. P., Boucher, R., Etchegary, H., Sadava, S. W., & Molnar, D. S. (2010). The overlapping contributions of attachment orientation and social support in predicting life-events distress. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science, 42, 71–79.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-21] Praharso, N. F., Tear, M. J., & Cruwys, T. (2017). Stressful life transitions and well-being: A comparison of the stress buffering hypothesis and the social identity model of identity change. Psychiatry Research, 247, 265–275. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psy-chres.2016.11.039DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗

[refR-22] Robbins, A., & Wilner, A. (2001). Quarter-life crisis. Bloomsbury.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-23] Robinson, O., C., Cimporescu, M., & Thompson, T. (2020). Wellbeing, developmental crisis, and residentia status in the year after graduating from higher education: A 12-month longitudinal study. Journal of Adult Development. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10804-020-09361-1DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗

[refR-24] Robinson, O. C., & Wright. (2013). The prevalence, types, and perceived outcomes of crisis episode in early adulthood and midlife: A structured retrospective-autobiohraphical study. International Journal of Behavioural Development, 37, 407–416. https://doi.org/10.1177/0165025413492464DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗

[refR-25] Robinson, O., C., Wright, G. R. T., & Smith, J. A. (2013). The holistic phase model of early adult crisis. Journal of Adult Development, 20, 27–37. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10804-013-9153-yDOI ↗Google Scholar ↗

[refR-26] Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and The Adolescent Self-Image. Pricenton University Press.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-27] Rossi, N. E., & Mebert, C. J. (2011). Does a quarterlife crisis exist? The Journal of Genetic Psychology, 2(172), 141–161. https://doi.org/10.1080/00221325.2010.521784DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗

[refR-28] Smelser, N. J. (1989). Self-esteem and social problems: An introduction. In The Social Importance of Self-Esteem. University of California Press.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-29] Srisayekti, W., Setiady, D. A., & Sanitioso, R. B. (2015). Harga diri (self-esteem) terancam dan perilaku menghindar. Jurnal Psikologi, 42(2), 141–156.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-30] Swickert, R. J., Hittner, J. B., & Foster, A. (2010). Big five traits interact to predict perceived social support. Personality and Individual Differences, 48(2010), 736–741. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2010.01.018DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗

[refR-31] Vangelisti, A. L. (2009). Challenges in conceptualizing social support. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 26, 39–51.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-32] Walshe, O. (2018). The quarter-life crisis: Investigating emotional intelligence, self-esteem, and maximization as predictors of coping self-efficacy. Dublin Business School.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-33] Winahyu, K. M., Hemchayat, M., & Charoensuk, S. (2015). Factors affecting quality of life among family caregivers of patients with schizophrenia in Indonesia. J Health Res, 29(Suppl.1), S77-82. https://doi.org/10.14456/jhr.2015.52DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗

[refR-34] Wood, D., Crapnell, T., Lau, L., Bennett, A., Lotstein, D., Ferris, M., & Kuo, A. (2018). Emerging adulthood as a critical stage in the life course. In Handbook of life course health development (pp. 123–143). Departement of Pediatrics.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-35] Zimet, G. D., Dahlem, N. W., Zimet, S. G., & Farley, G. K. (1988). The multidimensional scale of perceived social support. Journal of Personality Assessment, 52(1), 30–41Google Scholar ↗